Aralia elata typically grows to a height of 15 to 25 feet (4.5 to 7.6 meters) with a spread of about 10 to 15 feet (3 to 4.5 meters). It has a multi-stemmed growth habit, and its stems are covered with large, stout thorns, giving it a formidable appearance.

One of the most notable features of Aralia elata is its large, compound leaves. The leaves are composed of numerous leaflets that radiate from a central point, resembling an umbrella or palm-shaped structure. The foliage is a vibrant green colour, creating a lush and tropical effect in the landscape.

During late summer to early fall, Aralia elata produces clusters of small, creamy-white flowers that are arranged in large, showy panicles. These flowers attract pollinators and add a touch of elegance to the plant. Following the flowering period, the shrub produces dark purple to black berries that persist into winter, providing food for birds and wildlife