The Cornelian cherry typically reaches a height of 4 to 8 meters (13 to 26 feet) and has a rounded to vase-shaped crown. The leaves are oval or elliptical, around 5 to 10 centimeters (2 to 4 inches) long, and are arranged oppositely along the branches. They emerge as a fresh green colour in spring and turn shades of yellow, orange, or red in the fall, providing seasonal interest.

One of the highlights of Cornus mas is its early spring flowers. Small clusters of bright yellow flowers appear before the leaves, usually in February or March, depending on the region. These flowers are tiny but numerous, creating a cheerful display and attracting early pollinators such as bees.

In addition to its aesthetic value, Cornus mas has a long history of traditional uses. Its fruits are used in culinary applications, its wood is sometimes employed in woodworking, and certain parts of the plant have been used in traditional medicine.